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Mendelian Inheritance Basics

Dominance, segregation, and genotypes. Ideal for board exams and competitive test prep.

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Mendelian Inheritance Basics
QUESTION NO 01
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Base pairing in DNA is?

Answer: A–T and G–C
Adenine pairs with thymine; guanine with cytosine.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 02
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A gene is?

Answer: A DNA segment that codes for a product
Genes are hereditary units usually encoding RNA/protein.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 03
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Mendel's law of segregation says alleles?

Answer: Separate during gamete formation
Homologous alleles segregate into different gametes.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 04
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A dominant allele is expressed when?

Answer: At least one copy is present
Dominant traits appear in heterozygotes.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 05
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Genotype refers to?

Answer: Genetic makeup
Genotype is the allele combination; phenotype is the trait.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 06
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Phenotype is?

Answer: Observable traits
Phenotype is the expressed characteristic.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 07
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Transcription produces?

Answer: RNA from a DNA template
RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA complementary to DNA.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 08
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Translation occurs at?

Answer: Ribosomes
mRNA is decoded into protein at ribosomes.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 09
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A mutation is?

Answer: A change in DNA sequence
Mutations alter nucleotide sequence and may affect function.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 10
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Codons are?

Answer: Three-nucleotide mRNA units specifying amino acids
The genetic code is read in triplet codons.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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Shahzad Mahota

@shahzad-mahota

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